Canara pearlspot - Etroplus canarensis

Scientific name: Etroplus canarensis

Common name: Canara pearlspot

Family: Cichlidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 10 - 13 cm (3.94 - 5.12 inch)

014

Recommended pH range for the species: 6.6 - 7.3

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 6 - 15°N (107.14 - 267.86ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 22 - 26 °C (71.6 - 78.8°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: South Asia

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Middle levels

Food and Feeding

Canara Pearlspots (Etroplus canarensis) are shy feeders, which makes them unsuitable for tanks with highly competitive or aggressive species. They thrive on a varied diet of small live and frozen foods, including brine shrimp, bloodworms, and daphnia. They may struggle to accept commercial flake foods, so high-quality sinking pellets or gel-based foods should be introduced gradually.

For a balanced diet, supplement their food with vegetable matter, such as blanched spinach, spirulina flakes, or zucchini slices. Feeding should be done in a calm environment, ensuring that all individuals receive enough food.

Origin

The Canara Pearlspot is endemic to South West India, specifically found in the fast-flowing streams and rivers of South Canara. These habitats feature clear, well-oxygenated water with rocky substrates and submerged driftwood, providing ample hiding places for this peaceful, yet reclusive species.

Sexing

Distinguishing between male and female Canara Pearlspots is difficult due to the lack of obvious sexual dimorphism. However, during the breeding season, females may appear plumper when carrying eggs, and dominant males may develop slightly more vibrant coloration.

Breeding

As of yet, there are no documented cases of Canara Pearlspots breeding in home aquariums. However, in the wild, they exhibit substrate spawning behavior, laying their eggs on flat rocks or stones. Both parents take an active role in guarding and raising their fry, making them excellent caregivers.

It is believed that the fry feed on mucus secreted by the parents, similar to how Discus fish care for their young. If successful breeding were to occur in captivity, it would likely require high water quality, proper diet, and a stress-free environment.

Lifespan

With proper care, Etroplus canarensis has an estimated lifespan of 5-8 years, although optimal conditions could extend this.

Tank Setup and Behavior

The Canara Pearlspot is a peaceful species that requires a specialized aquarium setup to mimic its natural habitat. To ensure their well-being:

• Use a high-filtration system to maintain crystal-clear, well-oxygenated water.
• Provide gentle to moderate water flow, replicating their natural riverine environment.
• Use rocks, driftwood, and caves to create ample hiding places.
• Maintain a fine gravel or sandy substrate for a more natural feel.
• Keep them in species-only tanks or with similarly peaceful fish to prevent stress.

Tank Mates

Due to their shy and reclusive nature, Canara Pearlspots are best kept in species-specific tanks. However, they can coexist with other peaceful, slow-moving species that thrive in similar water conditions.

Recommended tank mates:

• Pearl Gourami – Peaceful, slow-moving surface dwellers.
• Otocinclus Catfish – Algae eaters that help keep the tank clean.
• Sterbai Corydoras – Bottom dwellers that coexist well.
• Harlequin Rasboras – Small, non-aggressive schooling fish.

Tank mates to avoid:

• Oscars – Large and aggressive.
• Green Terrors – Likely to intimidate or stress Canara Pearlspots.
• Convict Cichlids – Too territorial.

Recommended Plants

Canara Pearlspots thrive in planted aquariums, where vegetation provides natural shelter, reduces stress, and maintains water quality. As they prefer well-oxygenated water with moderate flow, it is best to choose hardy plants that can withstand water currents and do not require CO₂ injection.

• Java Fern – A low-maintenance plant that attaches well to driftwood and rocks. It thrives in low to moderate light and does not require substrate planting, making it ideal for aquariums with fine gravel or sand.
• Anubias – A resilient, slow-growing plant that requires minimal care. It does best when attached to driftwood or stones, as burying its rhizome in the substrate can lead to rot. Its thick, broad leaves provide excellent cover for shy fish like Canara Pearlspots.
• Cryptocoryne Wendtii – A hardy, adaptable plant that thrives in lower light conditions. It is ideal for creating lush foreground and midground cover, offering natural hiding spots. Cryptocorynes are root feeders, so they benefit from nutrient-rich substrate.
• Java Moss – A versatile, fast-growing moss that can be attached to driftwood, rocks, or left floating. It provides excellent cover for fry, reduces stress in shy species, and improves water quality by absorbing excess nutrients.
• Hygrophila Corymbosa – A tall background plant with broad, lush leaves that tolerates various water parameters. It helps oxygenate the water, making it a great addition for species that prefer well-oxygenated environments.
• Vallisneria – A grass-like plant that grows quickly and provides dense cover. Its long, flowing leaves help mimic river environments, making it a perfect plant for Canara Pearlspots.
• Salvinia Natans– A floating plant that provides shade, reducing light intensity in the tank. This helps replicate the dappled lighting conditions of their natural habitat and creates a calming environment for the fish.

When setting up a planted tank for Canara Pearlspots, ensure good water circulation while avoiding plants that require CO₂ supplementation. Hardy plants that tolerate moderate flow and do not require excessive trimming are ideal.

Short Description

Etroplus canarensis, commonly known as the Canara Pearlspot, is a rare and peaceful species found in the clear rivers of South Canara, India. Due to their shy nature and difficulty competing for food, they require species-specific or carefully planned community tanks. They thrive in well-oxygenated water with moderate flow, hiding spots, and a natural aquascape. Though breeding in captivity is unreported, they are known for strong parental care in the wild, making them a fascinating addition to a well-maintained aquarium.

Pictures

Bought by aqua-fish.net from jjphoto.dk.