Juba cichlid - Ptychochromis oligacanthus

Scientific name: Ptychochromis oligacanthus

Common name: Juba cichlid

Family: Cichlidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 15 - 27 cm (5.91 - 10.63 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 7 - 8

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 10 - 24°N (178.57 - 428.57ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 24 - 30 °C (75.2 - 86°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: Madagascar

Temperament to its own species: aggressive/territorial

Temperament toward other fish species: aggressive/territorial

Usual place in the tank: Middle levels

Food and Feeding

Juba Cichlids are omnivorous but require a protein-rich diet for optimal health and coloration. Offer a variety of high-quality foods, including:

• Staple diet: High-quality cichlid pellets or flakes.
• Protein sources: Live or frozen bloodworms, earthworms, and brine shrimp.
• Vegetable matter: Occasional blanched spinach, peas, or spirulina flakes.
• Live or frozen treats: Daphnia, mysis shrimp, or chopped seafood.

Feeding Tip: Avoid excessive protein intake, as it can lead to digestive issues. Offer a mix of plant-based and protein-rich foods.

Origin and Natural Habitat

The Juba Cichlid is endemic to Madagascar, where it inhabits slow-moving streams, rivers, and freshwater lakes. These waters are typically warm, slightly alkaline, and rich in submerged vegetation and driftwood.

Sexing

Distinguishing between male and female Juba Cichlids is difficult, as they do not exhibit strong sexual dimorphism. However:

• Females: May display a swollen belly when carrying eggs.
• Males: Often slightly larger and more aggressive.

Breeding

Juba Cichlids are substrate spawners that exhibit strong parental care. To encourage breeding:

• Provide a sandy substrate with flat rocks or caves for spawning.
• Maintain water temperature between 26 - 28°C (78 - 82°F) for optimal breeding conditions.
• Feed a high-protein diet to stimulate spawning behavior.

Once spawning begins:

• The male and female dig a pit in the substrate where eggs are laid.
• The parents aggressively guard the eggs and fan them to ensure proper oxygenation.
• Eggs typically hatch within 8-10 days, and the fry become free-swimming shortly after.
• Feed fry newly hatched brine shrimp or finely crushed flake food.

Tip: Due to their aggressive nature, breeding pairs may need separate tanks to prevent injuries.

Lifespan

With proper care, the expected lifespan of Ptychochromis oligacanthus is 6 years.

Tank Requirements

• Minimum Tank Size: At least 75 gallons (285 liters) for a single fish. Larger tanks (100 gallons) are ideal for pairs or community setups.
• Water Parameters:
  • pH: 7.0 - 8.0
  • Hardness: 10 - 24 dGH
  • Temperature: 24 - 30°C (75 - 86°F)
• Filtration: Requires strong filtration and frequent water changes to maintain water quality.
• Substrate: Best kept on sand or fine gravel to allow natural digging behavior.
• Decor: Add driftwood, large rocks, and caves for shelter. Avoid sharp objects that could cause injuries.

Tank Mates and Compatibility

Juba Cichlids are highly territorial and aggressive, making them unsuitable for peaceful community tanks. Best kept with:

• Other large, aggressive cichlids (e.g., Oscars, Jack Dempseys).
• Robust catfish species like Plecostomus or Synodontis.
• Fast-moving, semi-aggressive fish that can defend themselves.

Do NOT keep with: Small or timid fish like Neon Tetras or delicate species that may be bullied.

Final Thoughts

Ptychochromis oligacanthus is a striking but aggressive cichlid best suited for experienced aquarists. While it requires careful tankmate selection and a large setup, its strong personality, territorial behavior, and fascinating breeding habits make it an exciting species to keep.

Pictures

Bought by aqua-fish.net from jjphoto.dk.