Fenestratus Cichlid - Vieja fenestrata

Scientific name: Vieja fenestrata

Common name: Fenestratus Cichlid

Family: Cichlidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 25 - 30 cm (9.84 - 11.81 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 7.2 - 8.4

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 11 - 23°N (196.43 - 410.71ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 23 - 27 °C (73.4 - 80.6°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: North America

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: aggressive to smaller

Usual place in the tank: Bottom levels

Vieja fenestrata Overview

The Fenestratus Cichlid (Vieja fenestrata) is a large, colorful cichlid species native to the Atlantic slope river basins of Mexico, from the Papaloapán River to the Chachalacas River. Known for their vibrant color patterns and robust size, they are a popular choice for experienced aquarists. In captivity, these fish can grow to sizes of 25 to 30 cm (9.84 to 11.81 inches), making them best suited for large aquariums. While peaceful towards their own kind, they can be aggressive towards smaller fish, especially in a territorial setup.

Tank Requirements

Given their size and territorial behavior, Vieja fenestrata require a spacious aquarium with a minimum size of 500 liters (130 gallons) to provide enough swimming space and minimize aggression. The tank should be equipped with plenty of hiding places, including rocks, caves, and driftwood, to help the fish establish territories and reduce stress. A sandy substrate is ideal, as these cichlids enjoy digging and sifting through the sand.

Maintain water temperatures between 23-27°C (73.4-80.6°F) and a pH range of 7.2 to 8.4. The water hardness should be between 11 to 23°N (196.43 - 410.71 ppm). Ensure that the tank is equipped with a powerful filtration system, as these large fish produce a significant amount of waste. Regular water changes (20-30% weekly) are necessary to maintain water quality and prevent stress-related illnesses.

Food and Feeding

In the wild, Vieja fenestrata are primarily herbivorous, feeding on plant matter, algae, and occasionally insects and invertebrates. In captivity, their diet can be replicated with a mix of high-quality cichlid pellets, spirulina flakes, and algae wafers. To provide variety and ensure balanced nutrition, supplement their diet with meaty foods such as prawns, cockles, and mussels. Be cautious not to overfeed high-protein foods, as it can lead to digestive issues. Feeding them 2-3 times a day in small amounts will help maintain their health and vibrant coloration.

Sexing

Sexing Vieja fenestrata can be done by observing their size and physical traits. Males tend to be larger than females and develop extended dorsal and anal fins as they mature. Additionally, males will develop a noticeable nuchal hump on their heads as they age, which is another key distinguishing characteristic.

Breeding

Vieja fenestrata are egg depositors, meaning they clean a flat surface (usually a rock or cave) where the female lays her eggs. After spawning, the eggs typically hatch in 2-3 days, and the fry become free-swimming after another 4-5 days. During this time, both parents will exhibit strong parental care, protecting the eggs and fry from potential threats. The fry can be fed newly hatched brine shrimp or crushed flakes until they grow large enough to accept micro worms. A separate rearing tank or divider may be necessary to protect the fry or reduce aggression between the parents during this period.

Lifespan

With proper care, Vieja fenestrata can live up to 8 years. Maintaining stable water conditions, providing a balanced diet, and creating a stress-free environment are essential to ensuring their longevity and overall health.

Compatibility and Tank Mates

Vieja fenestrata can be peaceful towards their own species, especially when housed in a large enough tank with plenty of hiding spaces. However, they may exhibit aggressive and territorial behavior towards smaller or more timid fish, especially during breeding. Suitable tank mates include other large, robust cichlids or similarly sized species such as Oscars or Jack Dempsey Cichlids. Avoid housing them with small fish, as they may be seen as prey. Providing plenty of visual barriers and separate territories will help reduce aggression.

Short Description

Vieja fenestrata, also known as the Fenestratus Cichlid, is a large and colorful cichlid species native to the rivers of Mexico. While generally peaceful towards their kind, they can be aggressive towards smaller tank mates. Their care requires a large tank with stable water parameters, high-quality filtration, and a balanced diet. These fish are fascinating to watch, especially during breeding, as they exhibit strong parental care for their fry.

Pictures

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