Discus - Symphysodon aequifasciata alenquer

Scientific name: Symphysodon aequifasciata alenquer

Common name: Discus

Family: Cichlidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 13 - 15 cm (5.12 - 5.91 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 5.5 - 7.5

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 0 - 8°N (0 - 142.86ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 27 - 30 °C (80.6 - 86°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: South America

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Middle levels

Appearance and Natural Habitat

Discus fish originate from South America, particularly the Amazon River Basin, where they inhabit slow-moving, warm waters with dense vegetation. They thrive in soft, slightly acidic to neutral water and prefer environments with plenty of hiding spots provided by driftwood, plants, and natural leaf litter.

Tank Requirements

Due to their specific needs, Discus fish require a well-maintained tank setup:

• Tank Size: Minimum 200 liters (50 gallons) for a small group.
• Temperature: 27 - 30°C (80.6 - 86°F)
• pH Level: 5.5 - 7.5
• Water Hardness: 0 - 8 dGH (very soft to slightly hard water)
• Filtration: Strong, efficient filtration is essential, but avoid excessive water flow.
• Substrate: Fine sand or soft gravel to mimic their natural habitat.
• Tank Mates: Keep with peaceful species such as Neon Tetras, Rummy Nose Tetras, Corydoras Catfish, and Otocinclus.

Diet and Feeding

Discus fish require a high-protein diet to maintain their vibrant colors and overall health. A well-balanced diet should include:

• High-Quality Flakes and Pellets: Look for protein-rich options specifically designed for Discus.
• Frozen and Live Foods: Bloodworms, brine shrimp, mosquito larvae, and daphnia.
• Beef Heart: A traditional Discus food that enhances coloration, but should be fed in moderation to prevent digestive issues.
• Vegetable Matter: Occasional blanched spinach or spirulina-based foods.

Feeding Frequency: Feed them 2-3 times per day, only giving what they can consume within 3-5 minutes.

Behavior and Social Structure

Discus fish are naturally social and thrive in groups. Keeping them in groups of at least five reduces stress and allows their personalities to develop. While generally peaceful, they may establish a pecking order within their group.

Sexing Discus Fish

Sexing Discus fish is difficult due to their similar appearances. However, mature males tend to be slightly larger with a more elongated dorsal fin, whereas females are rounder with a slightly shorter fin structure.

Breeding Discus Fish

Breeding Discus fish can be challenging, but once a bonded pair forms, they tend to be dedicated parents. Key breeding behaviors include:

• Pairs forming naturally within a group.
• The selection of a spawning site (such as a smooth rock or broad plant leaves).
• Egg-laying followed by the parents carefully guarding them.

Once hatched, the fry will feed off the skin mucus secreted by their parents—a unique trait among Discus fish.

Common Health Issues

Due to their sensitivity, Discus fish are prone to several health issues, including:

• Hexamita (Hole-in-the-Head Disease): Caused by poor water quality or a lack of nutrients.
• Parasites: External or internal parasites can stress Discus, leading to loss of appetite.
• Stress-Related Illnesses: Caused by fluctuating water conditions or aggressive tank mates.

Prevention: Maintain stable water parameters, perform regular water changes, and provide a stress-free environment.

Conclusion

Discus fish are among the most rewarding freshwater species to keep, requiring dedication and proper care. Their striking appearance, unique behaviors, and social nature make them a centerpiece in any aquarium. With a proper diet, stable water conditions, and a suitable tank setup, Symphysodon aequifasciata alenquer can thrive for years in a well-maintained environment.

Picture

Bought by aqua-fish.net from jjphoto.dk