Southern mouthbrooder - Pseudocrenilabrus philander philander

Scientific name: Pseudocrenilabrus philander philander

Common name: Southern mouthbrooder

Family: Cichlidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 8 - 10 cm (3.15 - 3.94 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 6.5 - 7.5

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 10 - 14°N (178.57 - 250ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 22 - 25 °C (71.6 - 77°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: Africa

Temperament to its own species: aggressive/territorial

Temperament toward other fish species: aggressive/territorial

Usual place in the tank: Middle levels

Food and Feeding

Pseudocrenilabrus philander philander, commonly known as the Southern Mouthbrooder, is an omnivorous species that readily accepts a variety of foods. A high-quality flake or small pellet diet should serve as the staple, supplemented with live and frozen foods such as brine shrimp and bloodworms. Providing occasional vegetable matter, such as blanched spinach or spirulina flakes, helps support digestion and overall health.

Origin and Natural Habitat

Native to Africa, the Southern Mouthbrooder inhabits a wide range of freshwater environments. While it is found in Lake Malawi, it is not endemic to the lake and is also present in the Orange River and Zambezi River systems. These waters are typically moderately hard to hard, with stable temperatures and abundant aquatic vegetation, which provides shelter and breeding grounds.

Sexing

Males display intense coloration when in spawning mode, with vivid blue, red, or yellow hues, depending on their location and genetic variation. Females are drabber in appearance, often exhibiting a silvery or brownish coloration, which helps them remain inconspicuous in their environment.

Breeding

Unlike many other dwarf cichlids, the Southern Mouthbrooder is a maternal mouthbrooder, meaning the female incubates the fertilized eggs in her mouth. After spawning, the female scoops up the eggs and carries them for up to two weeks, during which she does not eat. Once the fry hatch, she continues to protect them for several more days before they become independent.

Unlike many other Malawi cichlids, which release their fry and move on, the Southern Mouthbrooder continues to guard her young, increasing their survival chances. The males do not form pairs and will seek out additional mates after spawning.

Lifespan

With proper care, Pseudocrenilabrus philander philander has an average lifespan of 3 to 5 years, though some individuals may live longer in optimal water conditions.

Tank Setup and Compatibility

The Southern Mouthbrooder requires a spacious tank with dense vegetation, as it is a territorial species. Adding driftwood, rock formations, and caves provides necessary hiding spots and breeding areas.

Due to its aggressive tendencies, it is best to house this species in a species-only setup or with other robust cichlids. Suitable tank mates include:

• Kribensis Cichlids (Pelvicachromis pulcher)
• Jewel Cichlids (Hemichromis bimaculatus)
• Yellow Lab Cichlids (Labidochromis caeruleus)

Water Parameters

• Temperature: 22 - 25 °C (71.6 - 77°F)
• pH Range: 6.5 - 7.5
• Water Hardness: 10 - 14°dGH (178.57 - 250 ppm)
• Filtration: A high-quality filter is necessary to maintain water quality and prevent nitrate buildup.

Short Description

Pseudocrenilabrus philander philander is a territorial African cichlid that requires ample space and structured environments. It is best suited for experienced aquarists due to its aggressive nature and specialized breeding behavior. With proper tank conditions and compatible tank mates, this species can be an intriguing addition to a cichlid-focused aquarium.

Pictures

Bought by aqua-fish.net from jjphoto.dk.