Madagascar cichlid - Paretroplus damii

Natural Habitat and Origin

Madagascar Cichlids are native to the island of Madagascar, where they are found in slow-moving rivers and lakes like Lake Pambilao. In their natural habitat, these fish thrive in soft, acidic waters, often sheltered by rocks and vegetation. Providing a similar environment in captivity - using rocks and driftwood - is essential for keeping these cichlids healthy and stress-free. In the wild, they feed on algae, detritus, and small invertebrates, so replicating this diet in captivity is key to their care.

Tank Requirements and Setup

To keep Madagascar Cichlids healthy and thriving, an aquarium of at least 120 gallons (454 liters) is recommended. These fish need plenty of room to swim and explore, especially due to their size and territorial tendencies. Here are the basic setup requirements:

• Substrate: Use fine sand as they enjoy sifting through it for food.
• Rocks and Driftwood: Add driftwood and sturdy rocks to provide hiding spots and mimic their natural habitat. Avoid delicate plants as they may uproot them during their activities.
• Lighting: Moderate lighting is preferred as it mimics the shaded waters of their natural habitat.

Water Parameters

Maintaining stable water parameters is essential for Madagascar Cichlids:

• pH: 6.2 - 7.0
• Water Hardness: 2 - 13°N (35.71 - 232.14 ppm)
• Temperature: 22 - 25°C (71.6 - 77°F)

Ensure clean water through regular water changes and efficient filtration. Madagascar Cichlids are sensitive to poor water quality, so it is crucial to monitor ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate levels. Keep ammonia and nitrite at 0, and nitrate under 20 ppm.

Behavior and Temperament

Within their own species, Madagascar Cichlids are generally peaceful and can coexist in groups. However, they may show aggression towards smaller or more delicate fish, particularly during feeding or territorial disputes. To reduce aggression, keep them with similarly sized, robust tank mates and ensure ample hiding spots.

Suitable Tank Mates

• Other large, peaceful cichlids
• Synodontis catfish
• Large barbs
• Bottom-dwelling species like plecos

Avoid smaller, delicate fish as they may be bullied or harmed by the Madagascar Cichlid.

Feeding and Diet

Paretroplus damii are slow eaters, so patience is required when feeding them. They enjoy sifting through the substrate for food, making sinking pellets ideal for their diet. Here’s how to feed them effectively:

• Offer high-quality, vegetable-based pellets or flakes, along with occasional protein-rich treats like bloodworms or brine shrimp.
• Avoid excessive protein, as it can lead to digestive issues.

Feeding Tips

• Feed once or twice a day, ensuring all food is consumed to prevent water contamination.
• Offer occasional treats like bloodworms once a week for variety.
• Remove uneaten food promptly to maintain water quality.

Breeding

Breeding Madagascar Cichlids in captivity is possible with the right conditions. The fish form breeding pairs and will prepare a nest by digging a pit in the substrate. The female lays eggs around the pit, which hatch in 3-4 days. The parents may move the fry to different pits for protection, and both parents will continue to care for them until they are free-swimming.

Fry can be fed newly hatched brine shrimp or finely crushed flake food. It is important to monitor other tank inhabitants during breeding, as they may pose a threat to the fry.

Sexing

Identifying the sexes of Madagascar Cichlids is challenging because there are no obvious physical differences between males and females, even in mature fish. Observing courtship behaviors during the breeding period is the most reliable way to distinguish between them, as males tend to display brighter colors and spend more time near the nest site.

Lifespan

With proper care, Madagascar Cichlids can live for 8-10 years in captivity. Their lifespan is largely dependent on maintaining clean water, providing a balanced diet, and ensuring they remain stress-free.

Common Health Issues

Madagascar Cichlids are susceptible to stress-related diseases, including white spot (ich). To prevent outbreaks, maintain consistent water conditions and quarantine new additions to the tank. Regular monitoring and prompt treatment of any illness is essential to prevent it from spreading.

Short Description

Paretroplus damii, or the Madagascar Cichlid, is a stunning fish with a peaceful nature towards its own species. However, they can show aggression towards smaller fish and should be housed with similarly sized, hardy species. Their slow feeding habits and need for clean water make them better suited for experienced aquarists. These cichlids are prone to stress-related diseases, so maintaining stable water conditions and providing ample space in the aquarium is essential.

Final Thoughts

The Madagascar Cichlid is a rewarding species for advanced aquarists who can meet its specific care requirements. With proper care, these fish will become a striking feature in your tank, displaying unique behaviors and vibrant colors. If you're looking to add an endangered species to your aquarium while contributing to conservation efforts, Paretroplus damii is an excellent choice.

Pictures

Bought by aqua-fish.net from jjphoto.dk.