Argentine humphead - Gymnogeophagus balzanii

Scientific name: Gymnogeophagus balzanii

Common name: Argentine humphead

Family: Cichlidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 17 - 20 cm (6.69 - 7.87 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 6 - 8

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 5 - 19°N (89.29 - 339.29ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 22 - 26 °C (71.6 - 78.8°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: South America

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Middle levels

Overview

The Argentine Humphead (Gymnogeophagus balzanii) is a unique and peaceful cichlid species native to South America. Recognized for its distinctive nuchal hump in males, this species thrives in well-maintained aquariums with a gentle current and plenty of hiding places. They are best suited for community tanks with similarly peaceful tank mates.

Origin and Natural Habitat

Argentine Humpheads are native to South America, with populations found primarily in the rivers of Paraguay. This species was first documented by renowned ichthyologist Heiko Bleher. In their natural environment, they inhabit slow-moving rivers and flooded areas with sandy or muddy substrates.

Appearance and Size

These fish grow to an adult size of approximately 17 - 20 cm (6.69 - 7.87 inches). Males develop a prominent nuchal hump as they mature, along with extended dorsal fins and enhanced coloration, while females remain smaller and less vividly colored.

Tank Requirements

• Tank Size: A minimum of 150 liters (40 gallons) is recommended for a pair or small group.
• Water Parameters:
• pH: 6.0 - 8.0
• Water Hardness: 5 - 19°N (89 - 339 ppm)
• Temperature: 22 - 26°C (71.6 - 78.8°F)
• Tank Setup: Provide a sandy substrate, as these fish enjoy sifting through it. Include hiding spots such as plant pots, driftwood, and rocks. Live plants can be added, but they should be robust enough to withstand occasional digging. A gentle water current will mimic their natural habitat.

Temperament and Tank Mates

Gymnogeophagus balzanii are peaceful and do well in community tanks. They can be housed with other non-aggressive fish, such as tetras, Corydoras catfish, and other South American cichlids of similar size. Avoid housing them with highly territorial or aggressive species.

Feeding and Diet

Argentine Humpheads are omnivores and thrive on a varied diet:

• High-quality flake or pellet food as the staple diet
• Live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp, daphnia, and bloodworms
• Vegetable matter, including blanched spinach or spirulina-based foods

Providing a diverse diet ensures optimal health and coloration.

Breeding

Breeding Argentine Humpheads is relatively straightforward under the right conditions:

• Provide hiding places such as plant pots or caves for spawning.
• The female tends to the eggs, while the male guards the spawning site.
• Within 24 - 36 hours of spawning, the female collects the eggs in her mouth and begins mouthbrooding.
• The fry will be released after three weeks and will be free-swimming.
• Feed the fry with newly hatched brine shrimp to ensure proper growth.

Lifespan

With proper care, Gymnogeophagus balzanii can live between 5 to 8 years in captivity.

Health and Maintenance

Argentine Humpheads require high water quality to remain healthy. Perform large weekly water changes to prevent disease, particularly hole-in-the-head disease, which they are prone to if water quality deteriorates.

Conclusion

The Argentine Humphead (Gymnogeophagus balzanii) is a fascinating and peaceful cichlid species well-suited for aquarists looking for a unique fish with intriguing behaviors. Their adaptability, striking appearance, and interactive nature make them an excellent choice for properly maintained community tanks.

Pictures

Bought by aqua-fish.net from jjphoto.dk.