Flagtail catfish - Dianema urostriatum

Scientific name: Dianema urostriatum

Common name: Flagtail catfish

Family: Callichthyidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 11 - 13 cm (4.33 - 5.12 inch)

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Recommended pH range: 6 - 8

Recommended water hardness: 4 - 24°N (71.43 - 428.57ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature range: 25 - 28 °C (77 - 82.4°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: South America

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Bottom levels

Food and Feeding

Flagtail catfish primarily feed at the bottom of the tank and enjoy a varied diet. Offer high-quality sinking pellets or catfish wafers as a staple, and supplement with bloodworms, brine shrimp, and chopped earthworms. Although generally peaceful, larger adults may prey on very small fish such as Neon tetras, so choose tankmates accordingly. Feed in the evening when these fish are most active.

Origin

Dianema urostriatum is native to South America, specifically the slow-moving tributaries of the Amazon River basin in Brazil. These environments are typically shaded, with a soft sandy or muddy substrate and dense marginal vegetation, including floating plants that help diffuse light.

Sexing

Females tend to be broader and rounder behind the pectoral fins, especially when viewed from above, while males are generally slimmer and may be slightly smaller in size.

Breeding

Breeding Flagtail catfish in home aquariums is uncommon but not impossible. They follow a similar spawning behavior to Corydoras species. To encourage spawning, simulate rainy season conditions by performing frequent water changes with slightly cooler water and increasing oxygenation. Eggs are typically deposited on flat surfaces or broad leaves, and no parental care is provided after spawning.

Lifespan

The expected lifespan of Dianema urostriatum is around 8–10 years when kept in optimal conditions with stable water parameters and a clean tank environment.

Short Description

Flagtail catfish are peaceful and active schooling fish best kept in groups of at least 3–5 individuals. Though classified as bottom dwellers, they often swim in the middle water levels, especially during active periods. A tank of 100 liters (26 gallons) or more is recommended, with a soft sand substrate to protect their barbels. Provide live plants such as Amazon swords, Cryptocoryne species, and Java fern to mimic their natural habitat and offer cover. Include driftwood or rocks for additional hiding places, but ensure there’s also open swimming space at the front of the tank.

Due to their peaceful temperament, they are excellent for community aquariums. Suitable tankmates include Pearl gouramis, honey gouramis, harlequin rasboras, and other similarly sized peaceful species.

Pictures

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