Black peru corydoras - Corydoras semiaquilus

Scientific name: Corydoras semiaquilus

Common name: Black peru corydoras

Family: Callichthyidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 5 - 6 cm (1.97 - 2.36 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 6.5 - 7

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 3 - 16°N (53.57 - 285.71ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 22 - 27 °C (71.6 - 80.6°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: South America

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Bottom levels

Origin

Corydoras semiaquilus, commonly known as the Black Peru Corydoras, originates from South America, particularly the slow-moving tributaries and forest streams of Peru and Brazil. These habitats are typically shaded, with leaf litter, soft substrates, and warm, slightly acidic water—conditions that should be mimicked in the aquarium for optimal health and natural behavior.

Short Description

This peaceful bottom-dweller is best kept in small shoals of five or more. Known for its dark body and shimmering undertones, the Black Peru Corydoras adds contrast and activity to community aquariums. A soft sand or smooth gravel substrate is essential to protect their sensitive barbels. Provide ample hiding spots using driftwood, plants, and caves. Their calm temperament makes them ideal tankmates for other non-aggressive species.

Tank Setup and Water Conditions

Tank size: Minimum 60 liters (15 gallons) for a group
Substrate: Soft sand or rounded fine gravel
Filtration: Gentle flow with good oxygenation
Decor: Leaf litter, driftwood, and shaded areas
pH: 6.5 – 7.0
Hardness: 3 – 16°dGH
Temperature: 22 – 27 °C (71.6 – 80.6 °F)

Feeding

Black Peru Corydoras are omnivores and should be offered a varied diet. Feed them in the evening when they are more active near the substrate.

Staple diet: Sinking pellets, algae wafers, and quality flake food
Treats: Bloodworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia (2–3 times per week)
Feeding tip: Avoid overfeeding and remove uneaten food to maintain water quality

Sexing

Sexual dimorphism is subtle but visible when viewed from above. Females are slightly larger and exhibit a rounder, plumper body, especially when carrying eggs.

Breeding

Although captive breeding of Corydoras semiaquilus is rare, it is presumed that their spawning behavior mirrors that of other Corydoras species. In the wild, they are believed to be egg scatterers.

Spawning trigger: Cooler water changes and high-quality live food
Egg laying: Usually on broad leaves, tank glass, or decor
Parental care: None—eggs must be protected from adults

Captive breeding attempts should include soft, clean water, fine-leaved plants or spawning mops, and a separate fry-raising setup.

Recommended Plants

Echinodorus bleheri (Amazon Sword) – poskytuje tieň a veľké listy vhodné na kladenie ikier
Microsorum pteropus (Java Fern) – odolná rastlina nenáročná na svetlo
Anubias barteri – ideálna na dekoráciu dreva alebo kameňov
Cryptocoryne wendtii – vytvára hustý porast v popredí a strede akvária
Limnophila sessiliflora – rýchlo rastúca rastlina, znižuje obsah dusičnanov

Suitable Tankmates

Paracheirodon innesi (Neon Tetra)
Paracheirodon axelrodi (Cardinal Tetra)
Otocinclus affinis (Otocinclus Catfish)
Trichogaster chuna (Honey Gourami)
Hyphessobrycon amandae (Ember Tetra)
Pangio kuhlii (Kuhli Loach)

Avoid housing them with large, aggressive, or overly active fish that may outcompete them for food or disturb their calm nature.

Lifespan

With proper care and clean water conditions, the average lifespan of Corydoras semiaquilus is between 3 and 5 years, though some specimens may live longer in optimal environments.