Dwarf rasbora - Boraras maculatus

Scientific name: Boraras maculatus

Common name: Dwarf rasbora

Family: Cyprinidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 2 - 3 cm (0.79 - 1.18 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 5 - 6.8

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 5 - 12°N (89.29 - 214.29ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 24 - 27 °C (75.2 - 80.6°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: South Asia

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Middle levels

Origin

The Dwarf Rasbora (Boraras maculatus) originates from the slow-moving streams, rivers, and peat swamps of Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand. These waters are typically soft and acidic, with heavy leaf litter creating a natural infusion of tannins. The shaded conditions and abundance of aquatic vegetation make this environment ideal for Dwarf Rasboras, and replicating this habitat in the aquarium will help them thrive.

Lifespan

With proper care, the Dwarf Rasbora can live between 2-5 years in captivity. Their longevity greatly depends on stable water conditions, a varied diet, and a peaceful environment that reduces stress.

Short Description

The Dwarf Rasbora is a peaceful and small fish, typically reaching a size of 2-3 cm (0.79-1.18 inches) in captivity. Its tiny size and striking red coloration, coupled with dark spots along its body, make it an attractive choice for aquarists. They are schooling fish and should be kept in groups of at least six to promote natural behaviors and reduce stress. Due to their small size, Dwarf Rasboras are well-suited for nano aquariums, but they also do well in larger, well-planted community tanks.

General Care

Providing a well-planted tank with plenty of hiding spots and open swimming areas is key to keeping Dwarf Rasboras comfortable. A tank size of at least 40 liters (10 gallons) is recommended for a small school, but larger tanks will allow for more stable water conditions and a more diverse setup. Use plants such as Anubias, Java Fern, and floating plants to diffuse the lighting and create a shaded environment, as they prefer low light conditions.

Maintain water conditions with a temperature range of 24-27°C (75.2-80.6°F) and a pH level between 5.0 and 6.8. The water hardness should be kept low, ideally between 5-12°N (0-142.86 ppm). Soft, slightly acidic water with a gentle flow mimics their natural habitat. Using a reliable filtration system, such as a sponge filter, can help maintain water quality without creating too much water movement, which could stress these delicate fish. Regular water changes of 20-30% weekly are recommended to keep the water parameters stable.

Compatible Tankmates

Dwarf Rasboras are peaceful and do best with other small, non-aggressive species in a community tank. Suitable tankmates include Pygmy Corydoras, Ember Tetras, Cherry spot rasbora, and Otocinclus Catfish. Avoid larger, more boisterous fish, as they can intimidate or outcompete the Dwarf Rasboras for food, leading to stress and hiding. Always keep Dwarf Rasboras in groups of six or more to promote their schooling behavior and provide a sense of security.

Food and Feeding

Dwarf Rasboras are omnivores and will accept a variety of foods in captivity. A high-quality flake or micro-pellet should form the staple diet. To enhance their health and coloration, supplement their diet with live or frozen foods like brine shrimp, daphnia, grindal worms, and bloodworms. They may also nibble on algae wafers occasionally. Feeding small amounts twice a day is recommended, ensuring they consume the food within a few minutes to prevent water quality issues.

Sexing

Sexing Dwarf Rasboras can be tricky, but generally, males are slimmer and exhibit more intense red coloration, especially during breeding. Females, on the other hand, are rounder, particularly when carrying eggs, and have a more subdued coloration.

Breeding

Dwarf Rasboras can successfully breed in a well-maintained aquarium. They are egg scatterers, often choosing to lay their eggs among fine-leaved plants or spawning mops. To promote breeding, set up a separate breeding tank with ample plants like Java Moss or include spawning mops. Maintain a pH level between 5.0 and 6.5, and keep the water temperature steady at 26-27°C (78.8-80.6°F) to replicate their natural spawning environment.

The female will lay small batches of eggs, typically around 50 at a time. To prevent the parents from eating the eggs, use a layer of glass marbles or a fine mesh at the bottom of the tank to allow the eggs to fall through to safety. The eggs will hatch within 24-36 hours, and the fry will become free-swimming shortly thereafter. At this stage, feed the fry with infusoria or liquid fry food. As they grow, introduce newly hatched brine shrimp and finely crushed flake food to their diet. For optimal fry survival, use an air-driven sponge filter in the breeding tank to maintain water quality with minimal water flow.

Conclusion

The Dwarf Rasbora is a stunning, peaceful fish that can add vibrancy to any well-planted aquarium. By providing the right water conditions, tank setup, and a varied diet, you can enjoy the beauty and fascinating behavior of this species. They make an excellent addition to nano tanks and peaceful community setups, offering an eye-catching splash of color with their striking red hues.