Bengal danio - Devario devario

Scientific name: Devario devario

Common name: Bengal danio

Family: Cyprinidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 7 - 10 cm (2.76 - 3.94 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 6.2 - 7

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 5 - 20°N (89.29 - 357.14ppm)

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Recommended temperature: 20 - 25 °C (68 - 77°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: South Asia

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Top levels

Food and Feeding

The Bengal Danio (Devario devario) is not a fussy eater, making it ideal for various community setups. Its diet should primarily consist of high-quality flake or granulated food, which provides the essential nutrients they need. To enhance their health and coloration, supplement their diet twice a week with protein-rich treats like bloodworms and brine shrimp. Bengal Danios will also enjoy occasional feedings of daphnia or finely chopped live foods, which help stimulate their natural hunting instincts and keep them active.

Origin

The Bengal Danio is native to South Asia, where it inhabits a wide range of freshwater habitats. This species is widespread across Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, and Bangladesh, typically found in fast-flowing rivers, streams, and ponds with abundant vegetation. Their natural habitats are often oxygen-rich and have clear, moving waters, which should be replicated in the aquarium environment to keep them comfortable and healthy.

Sexing

Sexing Bengal Danios can be relatively straightforward. Mature females generally have a stockier, more rounded body shape, especially when full of eggs, as their belly becomes noticeably rounder. Males, on the other hand, are slimmer and may display slightly more vivid coloration during breeding times. Observing their body shape and subtle color differences can help distinguish between the sexes, particularly during the breeding season.

Breeding

Bengal Danios are egg scatterers, and breeding them is relatively easy with the right setup. Set up a separate breeding tank with a gentle current and place spawning mops or Java moss as potential egg deposition sites. These fish can spawn in pairs or in groups, depending on availability and preference. After spawning, promptly remove the parents, as they are known to consume the eggs. The eggs will typically hatch within 36 hours, and the fry become free-swimming a few days later. At this stage, feed them Infusoria or other microscopic foods until they are large enough to consume newly hatched brine shrimp.

Lifespan

With proper care, Devario devario can live for approximately 3-5 years in captivity. Regular water changes, a balanced diet, and a suitable tank environment are key factors in maximizing their lifespan and overall health.

Tank Requirements

Bengal Danios are active swimmers and thrive in well-oxygenated, spacious aquariums. A tank size of at least 60 liters (16 gallons) is recommended for a small group of these fish, with larger tanks preferred to accommodate their active swimming habits. Due to their natural tendency to jump, always use a tight-fitting lid. They prefer a tank with a steady water flow, which can be provided by positioning the filter outlet to mimic a gentle current, replicating their natural stream habitats.

Since Bengal Danios enjoy shoaling, keep them in groups of at least six to prevent stress and encourage natural behaviors. A planted tank with open swimming areas, along with some rocks and driftwood, provides them with an ideal environment. Maintain a water temperature between 20-25°C (68-77°F), with a pH of 6.2-7.0, and soft to moderately hard water. Regular partial water changes will help sustain their health and water quality.

Short Description

Devario devario, commonly known as the Bengal Danio or Sind Danio, is a peaceful, active fish native to South Asia. Known for its attractive coloration and easygoing nature, the Bengal Danio is well-suited for community aquariums, especially when kept in groups. Its natural inclination to shoal, along with its preference for well-oxygenated water and an active swimming area, makes it an excellent choice for beginner and experienced aquarists alike. This lively fish can bring a splash of energy and color to any peaceful tank setup.