Penguin flying fox - Crossocheilus nigriloba

Scientific name: Crossocheilus nigriloba

Common name: Penguin flying fox

Family: Cyprinidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 13 - 14 cm (5.12 - 5.51 inch)

014

Recommended pH range for the species: 6.4 - 7.2

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 5 - 18°N (89.29 - 321.43ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 23 - 28 °C (73.4 - 82.4°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: East Asia

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Middle levels

Short Description

The Penguin Flying Fox (Crossocheilus nigriloba) is a peaceful, active freshwater fish known for its algae-grazing behavior and vibrant, streamlined body. Native to Southeast Asia, this species thrives in community tanks with well-oxygenated water. Despite being generally peaceful, adult specimens may display territorial behavior toward their own kind, making it advisable to keep only one per tank unless housed in a very large setup. Their constant activity and utility in algae control make them a favorite among aquarists.

Origin

Native to Southeast Asia, the Penguin Flying Fox is found in Thailand, Indonesia, and Singapore. These fish inhabit fast-flowing rivers and streams with rocky or sandy substrates, often surrounded by aquatic vegetation. Their natural habitat highlights the importance of oxygen-rich water and plenty of swimming space in captivity.

Tank Requirements

To ensure the well-being of Penguin Flying Fox, provide a tank of at least 120 liters (30 gallons). Maintain water temperatures between 23-28°C (73.4-82.4°F), a pH range of 6.4-7.2, and water hardness of 5-18°N (89.29-321.43 ppm). Decorate the tank with driftwood, rocks, and plants, ensuring open swimming areas. Use a substrate of sand or fine gravel to mimic their natural environment. Strong filtration and regular water changes are essential to maintain high oxygen levels and pristine water quality.

Food and Feeding

Penguin Flying Fox are omnivorous but have a strong preference for algae-based diets. They graze on algae growing in the tank but rarely damage live plants. Provide high-quality algae wafers, spirulina-based flakes, and occasional treats of live or frozen foods such as bloodworms and brine shrimp. Feeding them small portions twice daily ensures they receive adequate nutrition while preventing overfeeding.

Compatibility

Penguin Flying Fox are generally peaceful and can coexist with other non-aggressive species in a community tank. Ideal tankmates include tetras, rasboras, and peaceful barbs. Avoid housing them with aggressive or territorial fish. If multiple Penguin Flying Fox are desired, ensure the tank is large enough to accommodate their territorial tendencies, especially as they mature.

Sexing

Adult females are typically stockier than males, especially when viewed from above. There are no other prominent physical differences between the sexes.

Breeding

Breeding Penguin Flying Fox in captivity has not yet been documented. In the wild, they are believed to reproduce through spawning. Creating conditions similar to their natural habitat, such as soft, oxygen-rich water and ample hiding spaces, may encourage breeding behavior, although success is uncertain.

Lifespan

With proper care, Penguin Flying Fox can live for over 5 years. Maintaining stable water conditions, a balanced diet, and minimizing stress are crucial for their longevity.