Head and tail light tetra - Hemigrammus ocellifer

Scientific name: Hemigrammus ocellifer

Common name: Head and tail light tetra

Family: Characidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 4 - 5 cm (1.57 - 1.97 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 5.5 - 7.5

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 0 - 18°N (0 - 321.43ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 24 - 28 °C (75.2 - 82.4°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: South America

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Middle levels

Origin

The head and tail light tetra (Hemigrammus ocellifer) is native to a wide range of South America, primarily found in the slow-moving rivers and streams of Brazil, Peru, Guyana, and Suriname. These waters are often shaded by overhanging vegetation, and the substrate is typically composed of sand or mud. The natural habitat of this species provides plenty of cover in the form of submerged branches and aquatic plants, which helps them feel secure.

Lifespan

If cared for properly, the Head and tail light tetra can live up to 5 years in an aquarium. Maintaining stable water conditions, providing a balanced diet, and ensuring a peaceful environment will help them reach their full lifespan.

General care

Head and tail light tetras are undemanding fish that adapt well to various community setups. The minimum aquarium size should be at least 60 cm (24 inches) in length, with a width of 30 cm (12 inches). These fish should be kept in groups of at least 6 individuals, as they are shoaling fish and will feel more secure when kept together. A planted aquarium with live plants will not only bring out their best coloration but also provide a sense of security, as it mimics their natural habitat. The water temperature should be maintained between 24-28°C (75-82°F), with a pH range of 5.5-7.5, and a water hardness of 0-18°N (0-321.43 ppm).

Compatible Fish Species

Head and tail light tetras are peaceful and should be housed with similarly sized, non-aggressive species. Here are some suitable tankmates from the same region (South America):

Tank Setup and Plants

To replicate their natural environment, use a fine sand substrate and plenty of plants to create hiding spaces. Plants not only improve the aesthetics of the tank but also help maintain good water quality. The following plants are well-suited for a tank with Head and tail light tetras, as they thrive in similar water conditions (pH 5.5-7.5, hardness 0-18°N):

A good filtration system is essential for keeping the water clean and maintaining stable water parameters. Regular water changes of at least 10% per week are recommended to ensure optimal conditions. The tetras are middle dwellers, so decorations on the tank floor can be minimal, though adding plants and driftwood will help them feel secure.

Feeding

Head and tail light tetras are easy to feed and will accept most commercially available foods. A staple diet of high-quality flakes or small pellets should be provided, with occasional treats of live or frozen foods like brine shrimp or bloodworms to ensure variety and promote vibrant coloration. Feed them in small portions twice a day, ensuring they consume the food within a few minutes to prevent water quality issues.

Sexing

Females of this species are generally larger and rounder than males, particularly when they are full of eggs. Males tend to be slightly slimmer and may display more intense coloration during breeding periods.

Breeding

Breeding head and tail light tetras is relatively easy, but it is best done in a separate breeding tank to protect the eggs from being eaten. These fish are egg scatterers, and the eggs will be dispersed across the bottom of the tank. To protect the eggs, use marbles or a mesh at the bottom to allow the eggs to fall out of reach of the adult fish. The breeding tank should be dimly lit, and spawning typically occurs early in the morning. An air-driven sponge filter should be used to provide gentle filtration.

The eggs hatch within 24 hours, depending on the water temperature, and the fry become free-swimming after a few days. At this stage, they should be fed infusoria or newly hatched brine shrimp. The parent fish should be removed from the breeding tank to prevent them from eating the eggs or fry.

Short description

This species of tetra has become increasingly popular among aquarists due to their peaceful nature and striking appearance. Known as the head and tail light tetra or beacon tetra, they exhibit reflective silver body coloration, complemented by glowing markings near the head and tail, which give the appearance of flashing lights as they swim. They also feature a dark lateral line running along half of their body, adding to their visual appeal. These tetras are relatively small, with adults reaching only 4-5 cm (1.57-1.97 inches) in length, making them suitable for smaller community tanks.