January tetra - Hemigrammus hyanuary

Scientific name: Hemigrammus hyanuary

Common name: January tetra

Family: Characidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 4 - 5 cm (1.57 - 1.97 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 5.6 - 7.4

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 0 - 12°N (0 - 214.29ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 22 - 27 °C (71.6 - 80.6°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: South America

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Middle levels

Food and Feeding

The January Tetra (Hemigrammus hyanuary) thrives on a varied diet. High-quality flake foods should form the staple, supplemented with live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp, bloodworms, or daphnia. A varied diet not only ensures balanced nutrition but also enhances their natural coloration and activity. Feed small portions 2-3 times daily to maintain water quality and prevent waste buildup.

Origin

The January Tetra is native to South America, predominantly found in the slow-moving rivers, floodplains, and tributaries of the Amazon River Basin, including regions in Brazil and Peru. These habitats feature soft, slightly acidic water with dense vegetation, sandy or muddy substrates, and shaded areas created by overhanging foliage. Replicating these conditions in the aquarium helps them feel secure and display their natural behaviors.

Sexing

Distinguishing males from females is relatively straightforward. Males are slimmer and smaller than females, with a distinctive small hook on their anal fin. Females are fuller-bodied, especially when carrying eggs, and their rounded shape is more noticeable during the breeding season.

Breeding

Breeding January Tetras in captivity requires careful preparation. Set up a dedicated breeding tank with soft, slightly acidic water (pH 5.6-6.5) and a temperature of 25-27°C (77-80.6°F). Use fine-leafed plants like Java Moss or spawning mops to mimic their natural egg-laying surfaces. Dim lighting or floating plants like Pistia can help reduce stress and encourage spawning.

The male courts the female with displays of vibrant coloration and movements. The female scatters her eggs among the plants or substrate, and the male fertilizes them. Remove the adults immediately after spawning to prevent them from consuming the eggs. The eggs hatch within 24-36 hours, and the fry become free-swimming after 3-5 days. Feed the fry with infusoria or liquid fry food initially, gradually transitioning to newly hatched brine shrimp as they grow.

Lifespan

With proper care, the January Tetra can live up to 2-3 years in captivity. Maintaining pristine water conditions, a varied diet, and a stress-free environment is essential for their longevity.

Tank Setup

The January Tetra thrives in a well-planted aquarium with soft to moderately hard water. Use a soft substrate, such as fine sand, to replicate their natural environment. Incorporate live plants like Anubias, Java Fern, and Amazon Swords to provide hiding spots and create shaded areas. Floating plants like Duckweed or Salvinia can help diffuse light, mimicking their natural habitat. Maintain ideal water parameters: pH 5.6-7.4, hardness 0-12°N (0-214.29 ppm), and a temperature of 22-27°C (71.6-80.6°F). Gentle filtration and regular water changes are necessary to maintain water quality.

Compatible Tankmates

The peaceful and lively nature of January Tetras makes them excellent candidates for community tanks. Keep them in groups of at least 6 to enhance their social behavior. Suitable tankmates include other peaceful South American species such as Neon Tetras, Cardinal Tetras, Ember Tetras, and small Corydoras Catfish. Avoid aggressive or large predatory fish, as they may intimidate or harm the tetras.

Short Description

The January Tetra (Hemigrammus hyanuary) is a small, peaceful fish native to South America. Known for its active and social behavior, it thrives in well-planted aquariums with soft, slightly acidic water. Their manageable size and peaceful nature make them an excellent choice for community tanks. With proper care and attention, they bring vibrancy and liveliness to any aquarium.