Echinodorus cordifolius

Scientific name: Echinodorus cordifolius

Family: Alismataceae

Usual maximum size in aquariums: 35 - 55 cm (13.78 - 21.65 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 6.2 - 7.1

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 4 - 12°N (71.43 - 214.29ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 22 - 28 °C (71.6 - 82.4°F)

Reproduction of the plant: Divisions

Origin (in the wild): North America

How fast these plants grow: Normal

Recommended substrate: Sand

Demands on lighting: Bright

Ideal placement in a fish tank: Middle

Family

Alismataceae

Common Name

Spade Leaf Sword

Origin

Echinodorus cordifolius is native to North America and is commonly found in boggy or marshy areas of Mexico and the southern United States. In the wild, it thrives in wetlands, where it grows both fully and partially submerged, adapting well to fluctuating water levels in its natural habitat.

Propagation

Echinodorus cordifolius is propagated through divisions or adventitious plants that form around the base of the mother plant. In an aquarium setting, flower stalks will not develop, but new plantlets often emerge from the base. These plantlets can be carefully separated from the parent plant once they are well-established and replanted into the aquarium substrate. Ensure that the newly planted divisions receive proper nutrients, such as liquid fertilizers or root tabs, to promote healthy root development. In emersed conditions (with leaves growing above water), the plant can produce flowers that can be hand-pollinated to generate seeds, although this method is less common and labor-intensive in aquariums.

Difficulty

Easy. Echinodorus cordifolius is a hardy plant that is relatively easy to care for, provided it has bright lighting and a nutrient-rich substrate. It tolerates a range of water conditions and grows steadily with minimal intervention, making it suitable for both beginner and experienced aquarists.

Short Description

Echinodorus cordifolius, also known as Spade Leaf Sword, is a large, decorative plant that adds height and visual impact to the midground or background of aquariums. Growing up to 55 cm (21.65 inches), this species is best suited for medium to large tanks due to its size. The plant's spade-shaped leaves can develop a marbled surface as they mature, adding depth and texture to aquascapes. While the plant may initially shed some leaves after being introduced to a new tank, it will quickly acclimate and regrow once settled.

Spade Leaf Sword thrives in bright lighting and nutrient-rich substrates such as sand or fine gravel. With proper care, it grows at a steady pace, providing excellent cover for fish and contributing to the overall aesthetic of the tank. Its large leaves create a lush, natural environment, making it a favorite among aquarists who want to establish a visually striking, yet low-maintenance, aquarium.

Maintenance and Care

Echinodorus cordifolius performs best in a pH range of 6.2 to 7.1 and tolerates water hardness from 4 to 12°N (71.43 - 214.29 ppm). The ideal temperature range is between 22 - 28°C (71.6 - 82.4°F), making it suitable for tropical freshwater aquariums. The plant’s root system requires a nutrient-rich substrate, such as sand, to anchor itself and absorb nutrients effectively. Supplementing with liquid fertilizers or root tabs helps sustain healthy growth and prevent nutrient deficiencies.

Bright lighting is essential for optimal growth, as insufficient light may result in slower growth and smaller leaves. Regular trimming of old or dying leaves helps maintain the plant's overall health and appearance, preventing any decaying matter from affecting water quality. As the plant grows, occasional pruning will prevent it from overcrowding the tank, while encouraging new, healthy leaf growth.

Compatibility

Spade Leaf Sword is compatible with a wide variety of peaceful aquarium inhabitants, such as small fish, shrimp, and snails. Its broad leaves provide excellent shelter and hiding spots for smaller fish and fry, contributing to the natural dynamics of a community tank. However, if kept with herbivorous fish, such as certain species of plecos, it is important to monitor for nibbling on the leaves, as this could damage the plant over time. In general, this plant is ideal for medium to large aquariums, where its size can be properly accommodated without crowding other plants or fish.

Submersion and Aquascaping

Fully submersible, Echinodorus cordifolius is highly valued in aquascaping for its bold presence and striking appearance. Its tall, spade-shaped leaves make it ideal for midground or background placement, adding vertical structure and depth to any tank layout. The marbled patterns that develop on the leaves as the plant matures add further visual interest, creating a dynamic contrast with other plants in the aquarium.

Spade Leaf Sword is particularly well-suited for natural or biotope-themed aquariums, where it can be used to replicate wetland or riverine habitats. Its resilience and adaptability make it an excellent choice for aquarists who want to introduce a low-maintenance, yet visually impactful, plant into their setup. Whether used as a centerpiece in a larger tank or as part of a densely planted aquascape, this plant brings lush, vibrant greenery to any aquarium design.