Biskop-tandkarpe - Brachyrhaphis episcopi

Scientific name: Brachyrhaphis episcopi

Common name: Biskop-tandkarpe

Family: Poeciliidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 4 - 5 cm (1.57 - 1.97 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 6 - 8

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 4 - 12°N (71.43 - 214.29ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 24 - 28 °C (75.2 - 82.4°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Pseudo-Livebearer

Where the species comes from: South America

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: peaceful

Usual place in the tank: Top levels

Food and Feeding

Brachyrhaphis episcopi, commonly known as Biskop-tandkarpe, prefer small live or frozen foods such as brine shrimp and white worms. They will also accept high-quality flakes and small pellets once accustomed. Feeding a varied diet helps enhance their coloration and keeps them active and healthy.

Origin

Brachyrhaphis episcopi originate from South America, specifically found in freshwater streams and rivers of Panama. Their natural habitat typically includes slow to moderately flowing water with dense aquatic and marginal vegetation. These environments often feature overhanging plants, submerged roots, and leaf litter, providing ample hiding spaces. Native aquatic plants may include species like Ceratophyllum demersum (Hornwort), Bacopa spp., and Hydrocotyle spp., which thrive in the warm, slightly mineralized waters of their range. The shaded and plant-rich waters help reduce stress and support natural behaviors such as foraging near the surface and among plant stems.

Sexing

Sexual dimorphism in this species is subtle. In some cases, mature males may be slightly slimmer and more vividly colored, but reliable identification often requires close observation or breeding behavior. The gonopodium—a modified anal fin—is present in mature males and may help distinguish them from females.

Breeding

Brachyrhaphis episcopi are pseudo-livebearers, meaning they give birth to free-swimming fry but with internal egg development. A long, shallow tank with dense planting and a low water level is ideal for encouraging breeding. Provide hiding spots for fry and reduce flow to avoid stressing the adults. Up to 20 fry may be produced monthly. Feed newly born fry infusoria and later transition to brine shrimp nauplii or microworms.

Lifespan

The expected lifespan of Brachyrhaphis episcopi in captivity is up to 15 years with proper care, although 8–10 years is more common under typical aquarium conditions.

Short Description

Brachyrhaphis episcopi are peaceful and shy fish best kept in a species-only tank or with other non-aggressive species. A tank of at least 60 liters (15 gallons) should be heavily planted with subdued lighting and a dark substrate to help them feel secure. They occupy the upper levels of the tank and thrive in slightly brackish water conditions—adding one tablespoon of salt per gallon is recommended, which corresponds roughly to a salinity of 1.005–1.010 specific gravity (SG). Good filtration and regular maintenance are crucial, as they are sensitive to poor water quality. Avoid fast or aggressive tankmates, which can cause stress and reduce their natural activity.