Hygrophila difformis

Scientific name: Hygrophila difformis

Family: Acanthaceae

Usual maximum size in aquariums: 20 - 50 cm (7.87 - 19.69 inch)

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Recommended pH range for the species: 6.2 - 7.3

Recommended water hardness (dGH): 4 - 18°N (71.43 - 321.43ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature: 22 - 27 °C (71.6 - 80.6°F)

Reproduction of the plant: Cuttings

Origin (in the wild): South Asia

How fast these plants grow: Fast

Recommended substrate: Fine gravel

Demands on lighting: Bright

Ideal placement in a fish tank: Background

Common Name

Water Wisteria

Origin

Hygrophila difformis is native to South and Southeast Asia, including countries like India, Thailand, and Malaysia. It naturally grows in tropical wetlands, slow-moving rivers, and flooded rice fields where it thrives in warm, nutrient-rich waters.

Growing Conditions

Hygrophila difformis is a fast-growing aquatic plant that can be grown fully submerged in aquariums or emersed in humid environments such as paludariums and wetland setups. In submerged conditions, it produces delicate, finely lobed leaves, while in emersed growth, its leaves become broader and thicker.

This species prefers bright lighting, which promotes dense and compact growth. In lower light, the plant may grow taller and leggy, with elongated stems and sparse leaves. It thrives in a fine gravel substrate, allowing its roots to spread efficiently.

With rapid growth, Hygrophila difformis reaches heights of 20 - 50 cm (7.87 - 19.69 inches), making it an ideal choice for background placement in aquariums. It requires stable water parameters, with a pH range of 6.2 - 7.3 and water hardness between 4 - 18 dGH. The preferred temperature is 22 - 27 °C (71.6 - 80.6°F).

Lighting Requirements

Hygrophila difformis requires bright lighting to maintain its lush, compact appearance. Under intense light, the leaves develop a more pronounced lobed structure, enhancing the plant's visual appeal. If lighting is insufficient, the plant may become elongated with weaker stems.

Planting Area

This species is best suited for the background of aquariums due to its fast growth and tall stature. It provides excellent coverage for fish and helps reduce nitrate levels by absorbing excess nutrients. If regularly trimmed, it can also be placed in the midground for bushy, dense growth.

Propagation

Hygrophila difformis propagates through cuttings. To propagate, cut a healthy stem from the mother plant, remove the bottom leaves, and plant it into the substrate. The cutting will quickly develop roots and start new growth. Floating the cutting temporarily before planting can also encourage faster root development.

Difficulty

This plant is considered easy to grow, making it an excellent choice for both beginners and experienced aquarists. Its rapid growth helps prevent algae by competing for excess nutrients. However, due to its fast growth, regular pruning is necessary to maintain its shape and prevent it from overshadowing other plants.

Short Description

Hygrophila difformis, commonly known as Water Wisteria, is a popular aquatic plant valued for its unique, feathery leaves and rapid growth. It adapts well to a variety of aquarium conditions, making it an excellent choice for beginners. With its ability to grow both submerged and emersed, it can be used in aquariums, paludariums, or wetland setups. Regular trimming and nutrient supplementation ensure that it remains vibrant and healthy, providing excellent cover for fish and invertebrates.

Due to its fast-growing nature, this plant is highly effective in controlling nitrate levels, reducing algae growth, and creating a lush, green aquascape. While its delicate leaves may be easily damaged by boisterous fish, it regenerates quickly, making it a resilient and low-maintenance addition to any aquarium.