Ceratopteris cornuta

Scientific name: Ceratopteris cornuta

Family: Parkeriaceae

Maximum size reached under cultivation: 20 - 50 cm (7.87 - 19.69 inch)

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Recommended pH range: 5.4 - 8

Recommended water hardness: 4 - 18°dGH (71.43 - 321.43ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature range: 17 - 28 °C (62.6 - 82.4°F)

Preferred propagation method: Seeds

Native to: South Asia

Growth rate: Fast

Recommended substrate: Fine gravel

Lighting requirements: Bright

Ideal placement in tank: Background

Common Names

Water Sprite, Indian Fern, Water Fern

Origin

Asia; Ceratopteris cornuta is widespread across tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, especially in India and Southeast Asia. It commonly grows in marshes, rice paddies, and along slow-moving streams.

Propagation

Ceratopteris cornuta reproduces through spores, like all ferns. In aquariums, it also develops adventitious plantlets on older leaves. These tiny daughter plants can be gently removed once roots have formed and placed elsewhere in the aquarium. It’s a highly prolific grower under the right conditions.

Difficulty

Medium

Growth Rate

Fast if given the correct amounts of lighting and nutrients.

Lighting Requirements

Bright lighting is required to get this plant to grow at a reasonable rate. In low-light setups, the leaves become elongated and sparse.

Planting Area

Midground to background. It can be planted in the substrate or left floating at the surface, where it provides great cover and shade.

Short Description

Ceratopteris cornuta is a versatile, fast-growing aquatic fern that thrives both submerged and floating. Although it naturally occurs in marshes and shallow waters, it adapts well to full submersion in aquariums. Its finely divided leaves offer excellent shelter for fry and shrimp. In some regions, this plant is even consumed raw or cooked. Regular pruning may be needed to prevent it from overshadowing other plants or clogging filters.

FAQs

• Can Ceratopteris cornuta be used as a floating plant?

  Yes, Water Sprite grows equally well as a floating plant. When floated, it creates excellent shade and shelter for fish and shrimp fry. Floating also promotes faster growth and more daughter plants.

• How can I propagate Water Sprite in my aquarium?

  This plant produces small plantlets on older leaves. Once the plantlets form roots, they can be gently detached and replanted. You don't need to cut the mother plant; just wait for the natural growth.

• Why are the leaves of my Water Sprite turning yellow?

  Yellowing leaves can indicate nutrient deficiency, especially a lack of nitrogen or iron. Ensure regular fertilization and consider adding liquid or root fertilizers depending on how the plant is grown.

• Can Water Sprite be grown in low-tech tanks?

  Yes, but growth will be slower and leggier. For denser, lush foliage, bright lighting and at least basic liquid fertilization are recommended. CO₂ is optional but beneficial.

• Is Ceratopteris cornuta safe for fry and shrimp?

  Absolutely. Its dense foliage and fine leaf structure offer excellent cover, making it a perfect refuge for fry and small invertebrates.