Pictus catfish - Pimelodus pictus

Scientific name: Pimelodus pictus

Common name: Pictus catfish

Family: Pimelodidae

Usual size in fish tanks: 10 - 12 cm (3.94 - 4.72 inch)

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Recommended pH range: 6.5 - 7.5

Recommended water hardness: 4 - 18°N (71.43 - 321.43ppm)

0°C 32°F30°C 86°F

Recommended temperature range: 23 - 27 °C (73.4 - 80.6°F)

The way how these fish reproduce: Spawning

Where the species comes from: South America

Temperament to its own species: peaceful

Temperament toward other fish species: aggressive to smaller

Usual place in the tank: Bottom levels

Food and feeding

The Pictus catfish (Pimelodus pictus) is a voracious bottom-feeder. It will accept most foods that sink to the substrate – from specialized catfish pellets and quality flakes to live or frozen offerings like bloodworms, chopped earthworms, brine shrimp, and daphnia. Be careful not to overfeed; pictus catfish have a reputation for eating relentlessly until they appear bloated. Feed modest portions 1–2 times per day, ensuring faster fish in the tank do not outcompete them.

Origin

Native to South America, specifically the Orinoco basin (Colombia, Venezuela) and the Amazon basin (Peru, Brazil). They prefer shallow, flowing waters with sandy or muddy bottoms.

Sexing

Females are generally larger and rounder-bodied than males, especially when mature.

Breeding

Although egg-layers in the wild, successful breeding in home aquaria is extremely rare. They require very large tanks, deep substrate, and stable water chemistry. Professional aquaculture farms sometimes induce spawning hormonally.

Lifespan

With good care, Pimelodus pictus can live up to 8–10 years. They are sensitive to poor water quality, medications, and chemicals. If water parameters drop, their delicate barbels may erode – but will regrow once conditions improve.

Tank requirements

• Tank size: minimum 150 L (40 gallons) per fish; larger setups are strongly recommended.
• Substrate: soft sand or smooth gravel (sharp edges damage their sensitive barbels).
• Aquascape: dim lighting, caves, driftwood, and hardy plants; leave open areas for swimming.
• Filtration: powerful, as pictus catfish produce significant waste.

A clean, well-oxygenated aquarium is essential. Poor water leads to barbel erosion and stress.

Tankmates

Pictus catfish are peaceful but opportunistic predators. They will eat any fish small enough to fit in their mouths (guppies, small tetras, fry, juvenile Corydoras). Suitable companions are similar-sized active fish such as robust cichlids, larger barbs, or peaceful catfish. Avoid slow-moving species with long fins, which may be harassed.

Handling

Never use a mesh net – their sharp dorsal spines easily tangle and break. Instead, use a smooth container (glass or cut plastic jug) to transfer them. Their spines are coated with a mild toxin that causes pain and swelling, so always handle with extreme care.

Short description

Two regional variants exist: Colombian specimens with fine black spots and Peruvian forms with larger spots. Their striking spotted pattern and active nature make them popular, but their size, waste production, and appetite require serious commitment.

FAQ

Why does my pictus catfish have white spots?

White spots are often a sign of Ich (white spot disease). Raise the temperature slightly, add aquarium salt, and use a safe Ich medication. Treat cautiously, as pictus catfish are sensitive to chemicals.

Pictures

Bought by aqua-fish.net from jjphoto.dk.